Epidemiological Journal of Indonesia

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING CLEAN AND HEALTHY (CHLB) PRACTICES TO PREVENT PULMONARY TB AMONG STUDENTS AT ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL PALEMBANG

Hendawati, Intan Kumalasari, Irmawartini, Lindawati — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Indonesia ranks second globally for tuberculosis (TB) cases, with 1,060,000 cases and 134,000 deaths annually. This results in 17 deaths every hour. Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) is crucial in preventing pulmonary TB. In Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), the risk of TB may rise if students neglect hygiene. Therefore, it is important to analyze factors influencing CHLB
practices for preventing TB among students at Zaadul Ma'ad Islamic Boarding School. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the factors
influencing CHLB practices to prevent pulmonary TB among students at Zaadul Ma'ad Islamic Boarding School, identifying key
factors to improve hygiene practices and reduce TB transmission. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional approach was used with 50
respondents selected via total sampling. A structured questionnaire was employed, and data were analyzed through univariate, bivariate (chi-square test at 95% significance), and multivariate analyses. Results: All respondents were male, with 86% in mid-adolescence (15-17 years). 70% had normal nutritional status, and 35% had a history of smoking. Significant factors related to CHLB practices included knowledge, attitudes, facility and resource availability, and support from stakeholders. Attitudes (OR=11.374) and school regulations (OR=9.409) were the most influential factors. Conclusion: Islamic boarding schools should implement regulations
mandating personal hygiene and provide guidelines for cleanliness to promote better CHLB practices, preventing TB spread.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN CATERING FOOD SERVICES IN PALEMBANG CITY, SOUTH SUMATRA

Faiza Yuniati, Karina Anggraini, Efriza, Rismarini — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Food safety is a critical aspect of public health, particularly in catering services where food is prepared and distributed in bulk, increasing the risk of microbial contamination. Understanding the contributing factors to microbial contamination in such settings is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. This study aimed to determine factors associated with microbial contamination in catering food services within the Padang Selasa Health Center area of Palembang City. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, involving 50 food handlers and 20 food samples (rice and animal-based side dishes). Microbial counts were analyzed following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7388:2009). Independent variables included demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, work experience), knowledge, hygiene-sanitation behavior, and environmental factors (temperature and humidity). Results: Results revealed a mean microbial count of 11,632 colonies/25 grams, with significant negative correlations between microbial contamination and food handlers’ age, tenure, knowledge, and hygiene behavior (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between microbial counts and storage temperature as well as food ingredient selection, while relative humidity showed a negative association. No significant relationships were found with gender or education level. Conclusion: These findings underscore the critical role of food handler experience, knowledge, sanitation behavior, and environmental controls in mitigating microbial contamination in catering food. The study recommends targeted, continuous training and stringent environmental management to enhance food safety and public health in community catering services.

ANALYSIS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN WOMEN OF FERTILE AGE IN LAHAT DISTRICT, SOUTH SUMATERA

Nini Iswara Yuniarti, Maksuk Maksuk, Minarti Minarti — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: One of the efforts to improve maternal health is through contraceptive services. The objective of the study was to
analyze the use of contraceptives in the work area of the Lahat Regency Health Center, South Sumatra. Methods: The type of
research is an analytical survey research with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in the Simpang III Pumu
Health Center Working Area, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra, from May to July 2023. The sample was 169 women of
childbearing age in the Simpang III Pumu Health Center Working Area, Lahat Regency. The sampling technique was a simple
random method. Results: The results of the study showed that as many as 35.5% of women of childbearing age had used
contraception, namely the majority in the non-risk age group, working. While factors related to the use of contraception are age
group, education level, knowledge, family support, and officers. Conclusion: The dominant factor to determine the use of
contraception is family support. It is necessary to conduct a counseling program for every family, especially those who have
not yet participated in family planning.

WASTE HANDLING AND FLY DENSITY LEVELS IN THE TRADITIONAL MARKET OF PALEMBANG, SOUTH SUMATERA

Anisa Anggraeni, Maksuk Maksuk, Sherli Shobur — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: The market is one of the public places with many visitors and the activities of traders and sellers in the market, which indirectly cause waste in the market every day. Most markets produce market waste consisting of wet and dry waste so that during collection, the piles of waste become nests for flies, rats, and insects and become a source of soil, water, and air contamination, and from an aesthetic point of view, they will cause odors and bad views; therefore, it is necessary to manage market waste properly. Purpose: Knowing the handling of waste and the level of fly density in the traditional market of Palembang City in 2023. Methods: This research is descriptive, by means of survey or observation regarding waste handling. The measurement point of fly density was done diagonally with 5 points/market. The total number of points for the four markets is 20 measurement points. Results: The results showed that the sorting of market waste did not meet the requirements, the majority of waste collection did not meet the requirements, waste collection met the requirements, and waste processing did not meet the requirements. The highest average fly density in Pasar Kuto was at point 5 (back left) with an average fly density of 8.2 flies/grill block. Conclusion: Waste handling in 4 Palembang City Traditional Markets is not fully qualified, and the density of flies exceeds the vector quality standard

CHARACTERISTIC OF TRADERS AND SANITATION CONDITIONS OF TRADITIONAL MARKET IN PALEMBANG

Maliha Amin, Dinda Ayu Azizah Radi, Kamsul Kamsul — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Poor sanitation conditions in the market can cause various diseases. Supervision of market sanitation needs to be carried out continuously by various parties as an effort to minimize the transmission of diseases and environmental health problems. The objective of the study was to analyze the market sanitation conditions and characteristics of traders in Palembang city markets. Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted in February-May 2024. The research sample was 54 traders and market conditions at Pasar 3-4 Ulu Palembang. Data were collected using questionnaires by means of observation. Results: The results of this study obtained that the sanitation conditions of Market 3-4 Ulu were in the category of not meeting requirements (59.0%), such as water for hygiene sanitation needs, toilets, and handwashing places. The characteristics of traders aged 51-56 who were still productive working 31 (57.4%) were that many were also female 36 (66.7%), working hours were ≥8 hours 14 (25.9%), and the lowest education was 38 (70.4%) traders. The level of knowledge of traders was low 21 (38.9%). Conclusion: The sanitation conditions of traditional markets in Palembang City were found to be substandard, and the majority of traders were women with low levels of knowledge regarding market sanitation.